List of revolutions and rebellions
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See also: List of coups d'état and coup attempts and List of invasions
The storming of the Bastille, 14 July 1789, during the French Revolution.
This is a list of revolutions and rebellions.
This is an incomplete list that may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with entries that are reliably sourced.
Contents
1 BC
2 1–999 AD
3 1000–1499
4 1500–1699
5 1700–1799
6 1800–1849
7 1850–1899
8 1900s
9 1910s
10 1920s
11 1930s
12 1940s
13 1950s
14 1960s
15 1970s
16 1980s
17 1990s
18 2000s
19 2010s
20 See also
21 References
BC
c. 2740 BC The Set rebellion during the reign of the pharaoh Seth-Peribsen of the Second Dynasty of Egypt[1]
c. 2690 BC Khasekhemwy, the final pharaoh of the Second Dynasty of Egypt, squashed a rebellion, reuniting Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt [2]
c. 2380 BC (short chronology): A popular revolt in the Sumerian city of Lagash deposes King Lugalanda and puts the reformer Urukagina on the throne.
842 BC: After the Compatriots Rebellion exiled King Li of Zhou, China was ruled by the Gonghe Regency until the king died in exile.
615 BC: The Babylonians revolt against rule from the Assyrian Empire.
570 BC: A revolt breaks out among native Egyptian soldiers, giving Amasis II opportunity to seize the throne.
508/7 BC: The Athenian Revolution establishing democracy in Athens.[3]
499–493 BC: The Ionian Revolt. Most of the Greek cities occupied by the Achaemenid Persians in Asia Minor and Cyprus rose up against their Persian rulers.
494 BC: First Plebeian revolt against Patrician (ancient Rome). The revolt was made in the Monte Sacro, Rome
464 BC: The Helot slaves revolt against their Spartan masters.
460 BC: Inaros II revolted against the Persians in Egypt with the help of his Athenian allies.
206 BC: Ziying, last ruler of the Qin dynasty of China surrenders himself to Liu Bang, leader of a popular revolt and founder of the Han dynasty.
181–174 BC: The Celtiberian revolt in Spain; Romans eventually subdue the Celtiberians.
167–160 BC: The Jews revolt, in the Hasmonean Revolt, against the Seleucid Empire because of the Hellenization of Judea and the high taxes; Leader of the rebellion is Judah the Maccabi, achieving independence as the Hasmonean Kingdom of Judah.
154 BC: The failed Rebellion of the Seven States by members of the royal family of the Han dynasty.
153–133 BC: The Celtiberians again revolted, and were not finally overcome until the capture of Numantia.
147–139 BC: The Lusitanian Rebellion against the Roman forces in modern day Portugal, led by Lusitanian leader named Viriatus.
73–71 BC: The failed Roman slave rebellion, led by the gladiator Spartacus.
52–51 BC: The revolt of the Celtic Gauls, led by Vercingetorix, was crushed by Julius Caesar.
49–45 BC: Julius Caesar crossed the river Rubicon heading part of the Roman army and marched on Rome. After overthrowing and assuming control of Pompeian government, he was proclaimed "dictator in perpetuity".
1–999 AD
6–9: The Great Illyrian Revolt of various Illyrian tribes against the Roman Empire
9: The Arminius revolt against the Roman Empire; alliance of Germanic tribes led by Arminius ambushed and annihilated three Roman legions led by Publius Quinctilius Varus in the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest.
18–25: The Red Eyebrow Rebellion and Green Forest Rebellion against Xin dynasty in China, in which the Green Forest Army later defeated Red Eyebrow Army and restored Han dynasty.
40–43: Trung Sisters Uprising of Vietnam against Chinese Domination
60–61: Boudica, queen of the Celtic Iceni people of Norfolk in Roman-occupied Britain, led a major uprising of the Briton tribes against the occupying forces of the Roman Empire.[4]
66–70: The Great Jewish Revolt, the first of three Jewish–Roman wars that took place in Iudaea Province against the Roman Empire.[5]
69–70: The Batavian rebellion in the Roman province of Germania Inferior.
115–117: The Kitos War, the second of the Jewish–Roman wars.
132–135: The Bar Kokhba revolt, the third and last of the Jewish–Roman wars.
184: Zhang Jiao led an unsuccessful peasant revolt called the Yellow Turban Rebellion during the later Han dynasty, which later collapsed due to destabilization and lack of co-ordination with other Yellow Turban forces across China.
248: Lady Tri?u Uprising of Vietnam against Chinese Domination
286: Rebels in Gaul, known as Bagaudae, are crushed by the Caesar Maximian and his subordinate Carausius, working for Augustus Diocletian.
251, 255, 257–258: Three Rebellions in Shouchun are 3 failed attempts to remove the Sima clan from power in Cao Wei dynasty in the Three Kingdoms period of China.
291–306: War of the Eight Princes in Jin dynasty of China
351–352: Jewish revolt against Constantius Gallus
484: First Samaritan Revolt
496: Mazdak led a Persian socialistic movement and converted Shahanshah Kavadh I of the Persian empire before the latter was overthrown by the nobility.
529: Julian ben Sabar Revolt
532: The Nika revolt in Constantinople.
541: Lý Nam Ð? Uprising of Vietnam against Chinese domination
555: Fourth Samaritan Revolt
613: A rebellion by Yang Xuangan in China was crushed by the Sui dynasty.
614–625: Jewish revolt against Heraclius
623: An uprising of Slavs led by Samo against Avars.
685–699: The Azraqi Khariji revolt in Iraq and Iran against the Umayyad Caliphate.
713: Mai Thúc Loan Uprising of Vietnam against Chinese domination
734–736: Revolt of Al-Harith ibn Surayj in Khurasan against the Umayyads.
740: The Zaidi Revolt against the Umayyad dynasty.
740–743: The Great Berber Revolt in Maghreb against the Umayyads marked the first successful secession from the Arab caliphate (ruled from Damascus).
744–746/7: Alid uprising of Abdallah ibn Mu'awiya.
747–750: The Abbasid Revolution overthrows the Umayyad dynasty. Under Abdallah ibn Ali, most of the members of the Umayyad house are persecuted and killed.
754: Abdallah ibn Ali's bid for the Caliphate against al-Masur after al-Saffah's death. Abdallah's army is defeated by Abu Muslim.
755: Abd al-Rahman I landed at Almuñécar in al-Andalus. Abd ar-Rahman I was the founder of a Muslim dynasty that ruled the greater part of Iberia for nearly three centuries.
755–763: The Rebellion by powerful Jiedushi An Lushan in Tang dynasty, which caused heavy damage in China in terms of population and economy.
762: Alid Revolt of Muhammad ibn Abdallah in Medina and of his brother Ibrahim in Basra against the second Abbasid Caliph, Al-Mansur.
782–785: The Saxon revolt against Charlemagne. Rebellion was part of Saxon Wars.
791: Phùng Hung Uprising of Vietnam against Chinese domination
814: Al-Hakam I crushed a rebellion of Iberian Muslims led by clerics in a suburb called al-Ribad on the south bank of the Guadalquivir river.
815: Muhammad ibn Ja'far al-Sadiq (Al-Dibaj) lead an unsuccessful revolt against the Abbasid Caliph Al-Ma'mun.
817–837: The revolt of the Iranian Khurramites led by Babak Khorramdin.
821–823: The rebellion of Thomas the Slav against Michael II the Amorian engulfs most of the Byzantine Empire.
824–836: The revolt of Arab troops in Tunisia against Aghlabids was only put down with the help of the Berbers.
828: The failed rebellion by Kim Heon-chang against Silla.
845: The rebellion by the famous naval commander Jang Bogo against Silla, ended when Jang was assassinated.
861: Ya'qub bin Laith as-Saffar established Saffarid dynasty. He seized control of the Seistan region, conquering modern-day eastern Iran, much of Afghanistan, and parts of Pakistan. Ya'qub bin Laith as-Saffar started his campaign as a bandit and formed his own army.
864: Yahya ibn Umar lead an abortive uprising from Kufa against the Abbasid Caliph Al-Musta'in.
869–883: The Zanj Rebellion of black African slaves in Iraq. The Zanj Rebellion was crushed in 883 by the Abbasids.[6]
875–884: A rebellion by salt smuggler Huang Chao against Tang dynasty China, which later collapsed due to the destabilization caused by the rebellion.
884: Umar ibn Hafsun led anti-Umayyad dynasty forces in southern Spain.
899–906: The Qarmatians, an extremist Isma'ili Muslim sect centered in eastern Arabia, revolted against Abbasids.
923: The revolt against Bulgaria in the frontier region of Bulgaria and Serbia, instigated by Prince Zaharija of Serbia.
943–947: The great revolt of Abu Yazid, a Khariji Berber leader who assembled a large tribal coalition against Fatimid rule.
970: Abortive revolt of Bardas Phokas the Younger following the usurpation of John I Tzimiskes from Nikephoros II Phokas.
976–979: Rebellion of Bardas Skleros against Basil II.
982: The great revolt of the pagan Polabian Slavs of the lower Elbe against the Holy Roman Empire.
987–989: Rebellion of Bardas Phokas the Younger against Basil II.
1000–1499
See also: Popular revolt in late medieval Europe
1034–1038: The Serbs' revolt against the Byzantine Empire led by Vojislav of Duklja.
1090: Hassan-i Sabbah took over Alamut for Hashshashin.
1095: Rebellion of northern nobles against William Rufus.
1125: The Almohads began a rebellion in the Atlas Mountains.
1156: The Hogen Rebellion succeeded in establishing the dominance of the samurai clans and eventually the first samurai-led government in the history of Japan.
1185: The Vlach-Bulgarian Rebellion against Byzantine Empire.
1233–1234: The Stedinger revolt in Frisia caused Pope Gregory IX to call on a crusade.
1237-1239: The Babai Revolt in Anatolia against Seljuks of Rum.
1242–1249: The First PRussian Uprising against the Teutonic Knights, which took place during the Northern Crusades.
1250: The Mamluks killed the last sultan of the Ayyubid dynasty, and established the Bahri dynasty.
1282: The Sicilian Vespers, an uprising against the rule of the French/Angevin king Charles I on the island resulting in thousands of dead French occupiers and a shift in European power.
1296–1328: The First of the Wars of Scottish Independence between Scotland and England, leading to renewed Scottish independence in 1328.
1332–1357: The second instalment of the Wars of Scottish Independence, leading again to renewed Scottish independence from England and the Treaty of Berwick.
1302: The Battle of the Golden Spurs in Flanders, after which the French were ousted.
1323–1328: Beginning as a series of scattered rural riots in late 1323, the Peasant revolt in Flanders escalated into a full-scale rebellion and ended with the Battle of Cassel.
1343–1345: the St. George's Night Uprising in Estonia.
1354: The revolt of Cola di Rienzi in Rome.
1356–1358: Jacquerie: a peasant revolt in northern France, during the Hundred Years' War.
The end of the unsuccessful Peasants' Revolt in England 1381. Rebel leader Wat Tyler is killed while Richard II watches. A second image within the painting shows Richard addressing the crowd.
1368: Zhu Yuanzhang led peasant Han Chinese in a rebellion against the Mongol Yuan dynasty, establishing the Ming dynasty.
1378: The Revolt of the Ciompi in Florence.
1381: The Peasants' Revolt, or the Great Rising of 1381, in England.
1390s: The revolts that broke out all over Persia while Timur Lenk was away were repressed with ruthless vigour; whole cities were destroyed, their populations massacred, and towers built of their skulls.[7]
1400–1415 The Welsh revolt led by Owain Glyndwr.
1418–1427: Vietnamese led by Lê L?i revolted against Chinese occupation.
1420: The Bohemian Hussites begin a rebellion against both Catholicism and the Holy Roman Empire. The wars that ensue are known as the Hussite Wars.
1434: A Swedish peasant rebellion breaks out against the Danes.
1431–1435: First Irmandiño War in Galicia.
1437: The Bobâlna (Bábolna) revolt in Transylvania, using military tactics inspired by the Hussites wars.
1444–1468: Skenderbeg's rebellion in Ottoman-ruled Albania.
1450: The Kent rebellion led by Jack Cade.
1462–1485: The Rebellion of the Remences in Catalonia.
1467–1470: Second Irmandiño War in Galicia.
1497: The Cornish Rebellion of 1497 in England.
1500–1699
Bolotnikov's Battle with the Tsar's Army at Nizhniye Kotly Near Moscow by a Russian painter Ernst Lissner.
Episode of the Fronde at the Faubourg Saint-Antoine by the Walls of the Bastille
Scene from the Moscow Uprising: Natalya Naryshkina shows Ivan V to the Streltsy to prove that he well.
1514: A peasants' war led by György Dózsa in the Kingdom of Hungary.
1515: The Slovene peasant revolt.
1515–1523: The Frisian rebellion of the Arumer Black Heap, led by Pier Gerlofs Donia and Wijerd Jelckama.
1516: Tr?n C?o Rebellion in Vietnam, against Lê dynasty
1519–1523: The first Revolt of the Brotherhoods in Valencia, an anti-monarchist, anti-feudal, and anti-Muslim autonomist movement inspired by the Italian republics.
1519–1610: The Jelali revolts in Anatolia against the authority of the Ottoman Empire.
1520–1522: The Revolt of the Comuneros against the rule of Spanish king and Holy Roman Emperor Charles V.
1524–1525: The German Peasants' War of in the Holy Roman Empire.
1542: The Dacke War in Sweden.
1549: The Prayer Book Rebellion in Cornwall and Devon, England.
1549: Kett's Rebellion.
1566–1648: Eighty Years' War; revolt of the Low Countries against Spain.
1567–1799 and beyond: Philippine revolts against Spain.
1568–1571: The Morisco rebellions in Granada by the remnants of the Morisco community (Spanish Christian converts from Islam ["crypto-Muslims"]) in Habsburg Spain.
1573: The Croatian–Slovene peasant revolt.
1594–1603: The Nine Years' War or 'Tyrone's Rebellion' in Ulster, Ireland against English rule in Ireland.
1596: The Club War uprising in Finland.
1606–1607: The Bolotnikov rebellion for the abolition of serfdom, which was part of the Time of Troubles in Russia.
1618–1625: The Bohemian Revolt against the Habsburgs. Rebellion was part of Thirty Years' War.
1637–1638: The Shimabara Rebellion of Japanese Christians.[8]
1640: The Portuguese Revolt against Spanish Empire.
1640–1652: The Catalan Revolt.
1640–1644: The Vlach uprising against Habsburg rule in Moravia.
1641: The Irish Rebellion of 1641.
1642–1660: The English Revolution, commencing as a civil war between Parliament and the King, and culminating in the execution of Charles I and the establishment of a republican Commonwealth, which was succeeded several years later by the Protectorate of Oliver Cromwell.
1644: The Li Zicheng rebellion overthrew the Ming dynasty.
1647: The Naples Revolt.
1648: The Khmelnytsky Uprising of Cossacks in Ukraine against Polish nobility in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
1648–1653: The Fronde, in France.
1664–1670: Magnate conspiracy: The Zrinski, Wesselényi and Frankopan uprising against the Habsburgs.
1668: The Sikhs in the Anandpur revolted against the Mughal Empire.
1668–1676: The Solovetsky Monastery Uprising.
1669: The Jat uprising under Gokula. The Hindu Jats in the Agra district revolted against the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb.
1672: The Pasthun rebellion against the Mughals.
1672–1674: The Lipka Rebellion, an uprising of Polish Tatars against the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
1672–1678: The Messina Revolt. The Sicilian revolt against Spanish rule took place during the Franco-Dutch War of Louis XIV; the rebels were supported by France.
1675–1676: King Philip's War between Indians and English settlers, sometimes called Metacom's Rebellion.
1676: The Bashkir Rebellion against Russian rule.
1676: Bacon's Rebellion in Virginia.
1680–1692: The Pueblo Revolt against Spanish settlers in New Mexico.
1682: The Moscow Uprising of the Moscow Streltsy regiments.
1688: The Siamese revolution of 1688, the overthrow of pro-foreign Siamese king Narai by Mandarin Phetracha.
1688: The Glorious Revolution in England overthrew King James II and established a Whig-dominated Protestant constitutional monarchy.
1688–1746: The Jacobite risings were a series of uprisings, rebellions, and wars in the British Isles occurring between 1688 and 1746.
1689: Karposh's Rebellion against Ottoman Empire.
1687-1689: The Revolt of the Barretinas in Catalonia, prompted by the quartering & upkeep of Spanish soldiers, and intensified by French agents.
1693: The Second Brotherhood in Valencia, prompted by feudal taxation.
1698: The Streltsy Uprising in Russia.
1700–1799
Surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown in 1781, during the American Revolutionary War.
Depiction of the Battle of Vinegar Hill during the Irish Rebellion of 1798.
Battle at "Snake Gully" during the Haitian Revolution against French rule.
1702–1715: The Camisard Rebellion in France.
1703–1711: The Rákóczi Uprising against the Habsburgs.
1707–1709: The Bulavin Rebellion in Imperial Russia.
1709: Mir Wais Hotak, an Afghani tribal leader, led a successful rebellion against Gurgin Khan, the Persian governor of Kandahar.
1715: The First Jacobite Rebellion in the north of England and in Cornwall, advocating the claims of James Stuart, the Old Pretender against the newly installed House of Hanover.
1722: Afghan rebels defeated Shah Sultan Hossein and ended the Safavid dynasty.
1743: The Fourth Dalecarlian Rebellion in Sweden.
1744–1829: The Dagohoy Rebellion in the Philippines that lasted for 85 years.
1745–1746: The Jacobite Rising in Scotland.
1763–1766: Pontiac's Rebellion by numerous North American Indian tribes who joined the uprising in an effort to drive British soldiers and settlers out of the Great Lakes region.
1768: The Rebellion of 1768 by Creole and German settlers objecting to the turnover of the Louisiana Territory from New France to New Spain.
1770: The Orlov Revolt in Peloponnese.
1773–1775: Pugachev's Rebellion was the largest peasant revolt in Russia's history. Between the end of the Pugachev rebellion and the beginning of the 19th century, there were hundreds of outbreaks across Russia.[9]
1775–1783: The American Revolution establishes independence of the thirteen North American colonies from Great Britain, creating the republic of the United States of America.
1771–1802?: The Tây Son Revolt, annihilation of the ruling Tr?nh and Nguy?n clans as well as the Lê Dynasty in Ð?i Vi?t.
1780–1782: José Gabriel Condorcanqui, known as Túpac Amaru II, raises an indigenous peasant army in revolt against Spanish control of Peru. Julián Apasa, known as Tupac Katari allied with Tupac Amaru and lead an indigenous revolt in Alto Peru (preset day Bolivia) nearly destroying the city of La Paz in a siege.
1786-1787: Shays' Rebellion in Massachusetts against court proceedings collecting taxes and debts
1788: Kocina Krajina Serb rebellion, against the Ottoman Empire
1789: Regarded as one of the most influential of all socio-political revolutions, the French Revolution is associated with the rise of the bourgeoisie and the downfall of the aristocracy.
Brabant Revolution in the Austrian Netherlands (modern Belgium) crushed in 1790.
Liège Revolution, the price-bishops of Liège were overthrown by a popular uprising
1790: Saxon Peasants' Revolt sparked by noble gamekeeping rights and exacerbated by a harsh winter and summer drought. Raged during summer 1790, but crushed militarily by September.
1791–1804: The Haitian Revolution: A successful slave rebellion, led by Toussaint Louverture, establishes Haiti as the first free, black republic.
1793–1796: The Revolt in the Vendée was popular uprising against the Republican government during the French Revolution.
1794: The Polish revolt.
1794: Protests over taxes leads to the Whiskey rebellion in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and the Monongahela Valley. President George Washington invokes martial law and squashes insurrection with 13,000 troops.
1795: In this year broke out several slave rebellions in entire the Caribbean, influenced by the Haitian Revolution: in Cuba, Jamaica (Second Maroon War), Dominica (Colihault Uprising), Saint Lucia (Bush War, so-called “Guerre des Bois”), Saint Vicent (Second Carib War), Grenada (Fedon Rebellion), Curaçao (led by Tula), Guyana (Demerara Rebellion) and Coro, Venezuela (led by José Leonardo Chirino).[10]
1795–1796: French rebels in Grenada led by Julien Fédon held Governor Ninian Home, Alexander Campbell, and 43 to 53 hostage at his Belvidere Estate. The French rebels wrested control of most of the Grenada from Britain, which retained a stronghold in St. George's, the capital. The goal was to incorporate Grenada into revolutionary France. After Fédon's brother was killed, Julien executed approximately 50 hostages[11] and his forces were defeated the next day on the steep hills and ridges near Mt Qua Qua. The few surviving rebels flung themselves down the mountain and it's not known if Fedon survived the retreat or died while fleeing the island.
1796–1804: The White Lotus Rebellion against the Qing Dynasty of China.
1797: The Spithead and Nore mutinies were two major mutinies by sailors of the British Royal Navy.
1798: The Irish Rebellion of 1798 failed to overthrow British rule in Ireland.
1798: The Maltese Revolt in September 1798 against French administration in Malta. The French capitulated in September 1800 after they were blockaded inside the islands' harbour fortifications for two years.
1800–1849
Castle Hill convict rebellion:The Battle of Vinegar Hill.
Siege of Saragossa (1809): The French assault on the San Engracia monastery.
Liberty Leading the People by Eugène Delacroix commemorates the French revolution of 1830.
Cheering revolutionaries during the Revolutions of 1848
pre-1800–1872: Philippines revolts against Spain (See also 1896 and 1898 in this list).
1803: The rebellion of Robert Emmet in Dublin, Ireland against British rule.
1804: Castle Hill convict rebellion
1804–1817: The Serbian Revolution against Ottoman rule erupts.
1804–1813: The First Serbian Uprising against Ottomans.
1807: Tican's Rebellion in Serbia against Austrian rule.
1808: Rum Rebellion
1808: Krušcica Rebellion in Serbia against Austrian rule.
1808: The Dos de Mayo Uprising against the occupation of Madrid by French troops.
1808–1814: The Peninsular War.
1809–1810: The rebellion of Velu Thampi Dalawa of Travancore.
1809: The city of Chuquisaca, modern Sucre, starts the Chuquisaca Revolution.
1809: The city of La Paz starts the La Paz revolution, headed by Pedro Murillo.
1809: Tyrolean Rebellion against French occupation forces, crushed after two months with the execution of its main leader Andreas Hofer
1810: The West Florida rebellion against Spain, eventually becomes a short-lived republic.
1810–1821: The Mexican War of Independence, a revolution against Spanish colonialism.
1810: The Viceroy of the Río de la Plata Baltasar Hidalgo de Cisneros is deposed during the May Revolution.
1811: Paraguayan Revolt; Successful bloodless overthrow of the Spanish government in Paraguay by José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia, Fulgencio Yegros, Pedro Caballero and other military members.
1812: The peasant rebellion of Hong Gyeong-nae against Joseon Dynasty of Korea.
1814: Hadži Prodan's Revolt in Serbia against Ottoman rule.
1815–1817: The Second Serbian Uprising against Ottomans.
1817: The Pernambucan Revolt, a republican separatist movement which resulted in the creation of the short-lived Republic of Pernambuco (7 March 1817 – 20 May 1817).
1817: The Pentrich Revolution, Derbyshire; an ill-fated attempt to overthrow the Government, unknowingly it was instigated by William Oliver, aka Oliver the Spy. Three men were executed in November 1817, and fourteen men were transported to NSW. The event is known as 'England's Last Revolution' (9–10 June 1817).
1820: Radical War or "Scottish Insurrection".
1820: Revolutions in Spain and Portugal.
1820–1824: The revolutionary war of independence in Peru led by José de San Martín.
1821–1829: The Greek War of Independence.
1822–1823: The republican revolution in Mexico overthrows Emperor Agustín de Iturbide.
1825: The Decembrist revolt in Russian Empire.
1825–1830: The Java War or Dipanegara Revolution, when the prince of Mataram Islam against the tax and land rent dommination from Dutch.
1826: The Janissary revolt in Ottoman Empire.
1827–1828: The failed conservative rebellion in Mexico led by Nicolás Bravo.
1829: The Bathurst War in New South Wales in Australia. Aboriginal Australian resistance against British rule.
1830: The July Revolution, or the French Revolution of 1830, was a revolt by the middle class against Bourbon King Charles X which forced him out of office and replaced him with the Orleanist King Louis-Philippe (the "July Monarchy").
1830-1833: Yagan's War A revolt by the Noongar people against British rule. Aboriginal Australian resistance.
1830: The Belgian Revolution was a conflict in the United Kingdom of the Netherlands that began with a riot in Brussels in August 1830 and eventually led to the establishment of an independent, Catholic and neutral Belgium.
1830–1831: The November Uprising in Poland.
1831: The Merthyr Rising in South Wales.
1831–1832: The Bosnian uprising in Ottoman Empire.
1832: The June Rebellion in France.
1832–1843: Abdelkader's rebellion in French-occupied Algeria.
1833-1835: Lê Van Khôi revolt in Vietnam, against Nguy?n dynasty
1834–1859: Imam Shamil's rebellion in Russian-occupied Caucasus.
1835–1836: Texas secedes from Mexico in the Texas Revolution.
1835–1845: The Ragamuffin War, Separatists gauchos revolutionaries declared the independence of the Rio Grande do Sul from Brazil.
1837–1838: The Rebellions of 1837 and the Upper Canada Rebellion: failed republican revolutions against British rule in Canada.
1841–1842: The Afghan uprising. Hostile Afghan tribes massacred Elphinstone's British army including some 12,000 civilian dependents and camp followers.[12]
1847: The Maya Rebellion in Yucatán.
1847: The Taos Revolt in New Mexico against the United States.
1848: The Revolutions of 1848 were a wave of failed liberal and republican revolutions that swept Europe.
The French Revolution of 1848 led to the creation of the French Second Republic.
The Revolutions of 1848 in the Italian states.
The Revolutions of 1848 in the German states.
The Revolutions of 1848 in the Danish States started in the German speaking cities of Altona and Kiel. It spilled into a peaceful revolution in Copenhagen, which abolished absolutism in favor of parliamentary constitutional monarchy, and a counter-revolutionary war against the German speaking minority.
The Hungarian Revolution of 1848 grew into a war for independence from Austrian Empire.
The Young Irelander Rebellion of 1848 took place during the Great Famine.
Wallachian Revolution of 1848
Moldavian Revolution of 1848.
1848: Matale Rebellion A rebellion in British-ruled Ceylon.
1850–1899
Battle of the Yangtze during the Taiping Rebellion.
Confederate soldiers killed behind wall during the Battle of Chancellorsville of the American Civil War.
Paris Commune, May 29, 1871
Boxer rebellion fighting Eight-Nation Alliance
The current Puerto Rican Flag was flown for the first time in Puerto Rico by Fidel Vélez and his men during the "Intentona de Yauco" revolt
1851–1864: The Taiping Rebellion by the God Worshippers against the Qing Dynasty of China. In total between 20 and 30 million lives had been lost, making it the second deadliest war in human history.
1853–1855: The Small Knife Society rebellion in Shanghai, China
1854: A revolution in Spain against the Moderate Party Government
1854-1856: Peasant Rebel in Vietnam, led by Cao Ba Quat, against Nguyen Dynasty
1854–1856: The Red Turban Rebellion (1854–1856) in Guangdong (Canton), China
1854–1873: The Miao Rebellion in China.
1854–1855: The Revolution of Ayutla in Mexico.
1855–1873: The Panthay Rebellion by Chinese Muslims against the Qing Dynasty.
1857: The failed Indian rebellion against British East India Company, marking the end of Mughal rule in India. Also known as the 1857 War of Independence and, particularly in the West, the Sepoy Mutiny.
1858: The Mahtra War in Estonia.
1858–1861: The War of the Reform in Mexico.
1859: The Second Italian War of Independence.
1861–1865: The American Civil War in the United States, between the United States and the Confederate States of America, which was formed out of eleven southern states.
1861–1866: Quantrill's Raiders in Missouri.
1862: The Sioux Uprising in Minnesota.[13]
1862–1877: The Muslim Rebellion by Chinese Muslims against the Qing Dynasty.
1863: The New York Draft Riots.[14]
1863–1865: The January Uprising was the Polish uprising against the Russian Empire.
1865: The Morant Bay rebellion.
1866: The Uprising of Polish political exiles in Siberia.
1866–1868: The Meiji Restoration and modernization revolution in Japan. Samurai uprising leads to overthrow of shogunate and establishment of "modern" parliamentary, Western-style system.
1867: The Fenian Rising: an attempt at a nationwide rebellion by the Irish Republican Brotherhood against British rule.
1868: The Glorious Revolution in Spain deposes Queen Isabella II.
1868: In the Grito de Lares, rebels proclaim the independence of Puerto Rico from Spain.
1869–1870: The Red River Rebellion, the events surrounding the actions of a provisional government established by Métis leader Louis Riel at the Red River Colony, Manitoba, Canada.
1871: The Paris Commune.
1871–1872: Porfirio Díaz rebels against President Benito Juárez of Mexico.
1871: The liberal revolution in Guatemala.
1875: The Deccan Riots.
1875: The Herzegovinian rebellion, the most famous of the rebellions against the Ottoman Empire in Herzegovina; unrest soon spread to other areas of Ottoman Bosnia.
1875: The Stara Zagora uprising, a revolt by the Bulgarian population against Ottoman rule.
1876: The second rebellion by Porfirio Díaz against President Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada of Mexico.
1876: The April uprising, a revolt by the Bulgarian population against Ottoman rule.
1877: The Satsuma Rebellion of Satsuma ex-samurai against the Meiji government.
1882: The Urabi Revolt: an uprising in Egypt on June 11, 1882 against the Khedive and European influence in the country. It was led by and named after Colonel Ahmed Urabi.
1885: A peasant revolt in the Ancash region of Peru led by Pedro Pablo Atusparía succeeds in occupying the Callejón de Huaylas for several months.
1885-1896: Can Vuong movement of Vietnam, led by emperor Ham Nghi, against French colonialism
1885: The North-West Rebellion of Métis in Saskatchewan.
1888: The Rebellion of Peasant in Banten, Indonesia.
1893: A liberal revolt brings José Santos Zelaya to power in Nicaragua.
1894–1895: The Donghak Peasant Revolution: Korean peasants led by Jeon Bong-jun revolted against Joseon Dynasty; the revolt was crushed by Japanese and Chinese intervention, leading to First Sino-Japanese War.
1895: The revolution against President Andrés Avelino Cáceres in Peru ushers in a period of stable constitutional rule.
1896–1898: The Philippine Revolution, a war of independence against Spanish rule directed by the Katipunan society.
1897: The Intentona de Yauco a.k.a. the "Attempted Coup of Yauco", was the second and last major revolt against Spanish colonial rule in Puerto Rico, staged by Puerto Rico's pro-independence movement.
1898: The Dukchi Ishan (Andican Uprising): Kirgiz, Uzbek, and Kipcak peoples rebelled against Tsarist Russia in Turkestan (Fargana Valley).
1899–1902: The Philippine–American War, an insurgency against the imposition of colonial rule by the United States following the transfer of the Philippines from Spain to the U.S. in the Treaty of Paris which ended the Spanish-American War.
1898: A mob of white supremacists forced out the city government of Wilmington, North Carolina.[15]
1899–1901: The Boxer Rebellion against foreign influence in areas such as trade, politics, religion and technology that occurred in China during the final years of the Qing Dynasty, which was defeated by the Eight-Nation Alliance.
1900s
Demonstrations in Istanbul during the Young Turk Revolution
1903: The Ilinden–Preobrazhenie Uprising of the Macedonians in the Ottoman Empire breaks out.
1904: A liberal revolution in Paraguay.
1905: The failed bourgeois-liberal revolution against Tsar Nicholas II in Russia.
1905–1906: The Persian/Iranian constitutional revolution.
1905–1906: The Maji Maji Rebellion in German East Africa.
1907: The Romanian Peasants' Revolt.
1908: The Young Turk Revolution: Young Turks force the autocratic ruler Abdul Hamid II to restore parliament and constitution in the Ottoman Empire.
1909: Hauran Druze Rebellion
1910s
Leaders of the 1910 revolt after the First Battle of Juárez. Seen are José María Pino Suárez, Venustiano Carranza, Francisco I. Madero (and his father), Pascual Orozco, Pancho Villa, Gustavo Madero, Raul Madero, Abraham Gonzalez, and Giuseppe Garibaldi Jr.
Establishment of Republic of China Hubei Military Government on October 11, 1911, the day after Wuchang Uprising
1917 - Execution at Verdun sometime in 1916
Vladimir Lenin leader of the October Revolution
1910–1920: The Mexican Revolution overthrows the dictator Porfirio Díaz; seizure of power by the Institutional Revolutionary Party.
1910: The republican revolution in Portugal.
1910–1911: The Sokehs Rebellion erupts in German-ruled Micronesia. Its primary leader, Somatau, is executed soon after being captured.
1911: The Xinhai Revolution overthrows the ruling Qing Dynasty and establishment of the Republic of China.
1913: The Second Revolution against President Yuan Shikai of China.
1914: The Ten Days War was a shooting war involving irregular forces of coal miners using dynamite and rifles on one side, opposed to the Colorado National Guard, Baldwin Felts detectives, and mine guards deploying maChine guns, cannon and aircraft on the other, occurring in the aftermath of the Ludlow Massacre. The Ten Days War ended when federal troops intervened.
1914: The Boer Revolt against the British in South Africa.
1914: The Revolt of Peasants of Central Albania overthrows Prince William of Wied.
1915: The Armenian Revolt in city of Van against the Ottomans in Turkey.
1915–1916: The National Protection War against the Empire of China headed by Emperor Yuan Shikai. The Republic of China was restored.
1916: The Easter Rising in Dublin, Ireland during which the Irish Republic was proclaimed.
1916: An anti-French uprising in Algeria.
1916: The Central Asian Revolt started when the Russian Empire government ended its exemption of Muslims from military service.
1916: 1916 CoChinChina uprising of Vietnam against French colonialism
1916–1917: The Tuareg rebellion against French colonial rule of the area around the Aïr Mountains of northern Niger.
1916–1918: The Arab Revolt with the aim of securing independence from the Ottoman Empire.
1916–1923: The Irish War of Independence, the period of nationalist rebellion, guerrilla warfare, political change and civil war which brought about the establishment of the independent nation, the Irish Free State.
1916–1947: The Indian people's struggle against the British for Indian Independence.
1917: The French Army Mutinies.
1917: Thai Nguyen uprising of Vietnam, led by Trinh Van Can, against French colonialism
1917: The February Revolution in Russia overthrows Tsar Nicholas II.
1917: The Green Corn Rebellion takes place in rural Oklahoma.
1917: The October Revolution in Russia: Bolshevik seizure of power in Russia and the establishment of the SoViet Union, sparking the Russian Civil War.
1917–1921: The Ukrainian Revolution.
1918: The Finnish Civil War.
1918: The Christmas Uprising in Montenegro: Montenegrins (Zelenaši) rebelled against unification of the Kingdom of Montenegro with the Kingdom of Serbia.
1918: The Wilhelmshaven mutiny.
1918: The German Revolution overthrows the Kaiser; establishment of the Weimar Republic.
1918–1919: A wave of strikes and student unrest shakes Peru. These events influence two of the dominant figures of Peruvian politics in the 20th century: Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre and José Carlos Mariátegui.
1918–1919: The Greater Poland Uprising, Polish uprising against German authorities.
1918–1920: The Georgian-Ossetian conflict, the southern Ossetians revolted against Georgian rule.[16]
1918–1922: The Third Russian Revolution, a failed anarchist revolution against Bolshevism.
1918–1931: The Basmachi Revolt against SoViet Russia rule in Central Asia.
1919–1920: Iraqi revolt against the British and British-Indian troops, attempting to create a Muslim regime or the restoration of Ottoman rule.
1919–1921: The Tambov Rebellion, one of the largest peasant rebellions against the Bolshevik regime during the Russian Civil War.
1919–1921: The Silesian Uprisings of the ethnic Poles against Weimar rule.
1919–1922: The Turkish War of Independence commanded by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk.
1919: The German Revolution of 1918–1919.
1919: Simko Shikak revolt in Persia.
1919: A revolution in Hungary, resulting in the short-lived Hungarian SoViet Republic.
1919: 1919 Egyptian revolution.
1919: March 1st movement In Korea against the Japanese occupation (1910). Ultimately fails but those who died are still remembered today.
1920s
1920: The Pitchfork Uprising was a peasant uprising against the SoViet policy of the war communism in what is today Tatarstan.
1920–1922: Gandhi led Non-cooperation movement.
1920-1922: The fascist national revolution in Italy. Led by the former socialist leader Benito Mussolini.
1920: The Husino uprising in Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
1921: The Battle of Blair Mountain ten to fifteen thousand coal miners rebel in West Virginia, assaulting mountain-top lines of trenches established by the coal companies and local sheriff's forces in the largest armed, organized uprising in American labor history.
1921: The Kronstadt rebellion of SoViet sailors against the government of the early Russian SFSR.
1921: The rebellion of Mirdita led by Markagjoni declares the independence of Republic of Mirdita from Albania.
1921–1923: The Yakut Revolt.
1921–1924: A revolution in (Outer) Mongolia re-establishes the country's independence and sets out to construct a SoViet-style socialist state.
1921: The Moplah rebellion, uprising against the colonial British authority and Hindu landlords in the Malabar in South India by Mappila Muslims, aftermath of a series of peasant uprising in the past centuries.
1922–1923: The Irish Civil War, between supporters of the Anglo-Irish Treaty and the government of the Irish Free State and more radical members of the original Irish Republican Army who opposed the treaty and the new government.
1923: Bajram Curri attacks gendarmerie of Kruma, Albania.
1923: The founding of the Republic of Turkey by overthrow of the Ottoman Empire and introduction of Atatürk's Reforms.
1923: The Klaipeda Revolt in the Memel territory that had been detached from Germany after World War I.
1923: The Adwan Rebellion in Jordan.
1925: The Sheikh Said Rebellion.
1925: The July Revolution in Ecuador.
1925–1927: The Great Syrian Revolt, a revolt initiated by the Druze and led by Sultan al-Atrash against French Mandate.
1926: Angry catholic peasants of Dukagjin, Shkoder fight against army and gendarmerie.
1926: The National Revolution in Portugal initiated a period known as the National Dictatorship.
1926–1929: The Cristero War in Mexico, an uprising against anti-clerical government policy.
1926–1927: The first PKI (Indonesian Communist Party) rebellion against colonialism and imperialism of Dutch Hindie.
1927: KMT Military forces in Nanchang rebelled under the leadership of He Long and Zhou Enlai, attempting to seize control of the city after the end of the first Kuomintang-Communist alliance, marking the Nanchang Uprising and the establishment of the People's Liberation Army.
1927: Sheikh Abdurrahman rebellion by Kurdish Zazas against Turkey.
1927–1930: The Wahhabi Rebellion of Ikhwan against Ibn Saud in Arabia.
1927–1931: The Agri Rebellion by Kurds against Turkey.
1927–1933: A rebellion led by Augusto César Sandino against the United States presence in Nicaragua.
1928–1931: Freedom fighter, A rebellion led by Bhagat Singh against the British Rule in India.
1930s
Soldiers assembled in front of the Throne Hall, Siam, 24 June 1932
1930: The Brazilian Revolution of 1930 led by Getúlio Vargas.
1930-1931: Nghe-Tinh Revolt of Vietnam, led by Vietminh, against French colonialism
1930-1934: The Saya San Rebellion of British Burma, led by Saya San, against British colonialism.
1930: Yen Bai mutiny of Vietnam, led by Vietnamese Nationalist Party, against French Occupation
1930: The Salt Satyagraha, a campaign of non-violent protest against the British salt tax in colonial India.
1932: The Constitutionalist Revolution against the provisional president Getúlio Vargas led Brazil to a short civil war.
1932: The Aprista revolt in Trujillo, Peru.
1932: The 1932 Salvadoran peasant uprising,(known as La matanza/"The Slaughter"), Pipil and peasant rebellion led by Farabundo Martí
1932: The Siamese coup d'état of 1932, sometimes called the "Promoters Revolution", ends absolute monarchy in Thailand.
1933: The popular revolution against Cuban dictator Gerardo Machado.
1933: Dutch sailors on the cruiser HNLMS De Zeven Provinciën mutiny.
1934: In October, workers including radical socialists and anarchists stage coups in the Spanish regions of Asturias and Catalonia. The immediate cause was the entrance of a right-wing Catholic party into the government of the unstable Second Spanish Republic. The Asturian uprising was put down by General Francisco Franco.
1935: Former Aide-de-camp of King Zog, Muharrem Bajraktari led a revolt against government in North Albania.
1935: A secret anti-zogist organization led an uprising against government and King Zog in Fier and Lushnje.
1935–1936: Iraqi Shia revolts against Hashemite central rule.
1935: Imam Reza shrine rebellion in Iran of Shi'ite radicals against Reza Shah.
1936: The Febrerista Revolution, led by Rafael Franco, ended oligarchic Liberal Party rule in Paraguay.
1936: General Francisco Franco led a coup and started the Spanish Civil War.
1936: Civil revolutionary war led by Anarchism, Communism and Socialist working people against the coup of fascist forces, in second Spanish Republic.
1936–1939: Arab revolt in Palestine attempts to gain control over the British Mandate.
1936–1939: A period of so-called "military socialism" in Bolivia follows a revolution in which celebrated war hero David Toro takes power. A constitution establishing a corporative state is promulgated in 1938, following the nationalization of Standard Oil and the passage of progressive labor laws.
1937–1938: The Dersim Rebellion was the most important[17]Kurdish rebellion in modern Turkey.
1937: The "Jornadas de Mayo", a workers' revolution in Catalonia.
1937: The Revolt of Delvina, a revolt of gendarmerie and local peasants against King Zog.
1940s
Patrol of Lieut. Stanislaw Jankowski ("Agaton") from Battalion Piesc, 1 August 1944: "W-hour" (17:00)
The PLA enters Beijing in the Pingjin Campaign and control the later capital of PRC
1940–1944: The Insurgency in Chechnya.
1940: CoChinChina Uprising of Vietnam, led by Vietminh, against French and Japanese Occupation
1940: Bac Son Uprising of Vietnam, led by Vietminh, against French and Japanese Occupation
1940–1947: Mohammad Ali Jinnah's struggle for a separate state for the Muslims of India.
1941: The June Uprising against the SoViet Union in Lithuania.
1941: Legionnaires' rebellion and Bucharest pogrom, Romania
1941–1945: Yugoslav People's Liberation War against the Axis Powers in World War II.
1941–1944: Greek Resistance
1941: Do Luong Mutiny of Vietnam, led by Doi Cung, against French Occupation
1942: Sri Lankan soldiers ignite the Cocos Islands Mutiny in an unsuccessful attempt to transfer the islands to Japanese control.
1942: The destruction of the German garrison in Lenin.
1943: The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising.
1943: The uprising at Treblinka extermination camp.
1943: The uprising at Sobibór extermination camp.
1943: The Woyane Rebellion in northern Ethiopia threatens to topple the newly restored government, and is put down with British help.
1943–1945: Italian Resistance Movement against the Fascist Italian Social Republic, culminating in the 25th April final insurrection in Northern Italy.
1944: The Guatemalan Revolution overthrows the dictator Federico Ponce Vaides by liberal military officers.
1944: The Warsaw Uprising was an armed struggle during the Second World War by the Polish Home Army (Armia Krajowa) to liberate Warsaw from German occupation and Nazi rule. It started on 1 August 1944.
1944: The Paris Uprising staged by the French Resistance against the German Paris garrison.
1944: The Slovak National Uprising against Nazi Germany.
1944: The uprising at Auschwitz extermination camp.
1944–1947: A Communist-friendly government was installed in Bulgaria following a coup d'état and the SoViet invasion.
1944: Following the liberation of Albania, the Communist Party of Albania under Enver Hoxha consolidated its control and declared the People's Republic of Albania in January 1946.
1944–1949: The Greek Civil War.
1944–1965: The Forest Brothers Rebellion in Baltic states against SoViet Union.
1945: The first anti-communist revolt in Eastern Europe in Koplik, Albania led by bayraktars and intellectuals.
1945–1949: The Indonesian National Revolution against Dutch after their independence from Japan. Led by Soekarno, Hatta, Tan Malaka, etc. with the Dutch led by Van Mook.
1945: The Prague uprising against German occupation during World War II.
1945: Ba To Uprising of Vietnam, led by Vietminh, against French and Japan |
